Burberry. The name evokes images of trench coats, iconic check patterns, and a certain air of British sophistication. But beyond the polished image, Burberry is a complex entity, a brand that has navigated a tumultuous journey from its humble beginnings to its current position as a global luxury powerhouse. The brand has weathered storms of overexposure, subcultural appropriation, and the ever-shifting sands of fashion trends, constantly reinventing itself while clinging to its core British heritage. To understand Burberry today, one needs to delve into its history, its business model, its brand identity, and its complex relationship with British culture, including the often-misunderstood phenomenon of the "Burberry lad."
A Legacy Woven in Gabardine: Origins and Early Days
To answer the fundamental question: *When did Burberry start?* We must rewind to 1856. Thomas Burberry, a 21-year-old draper's apprentice, opened his own outfitting store in Basingstoke, Hampshire, England. This marks the genesis of what would become a global empire. *Who founded Burberry?* The answer, of course, is Thomas Burberry himself.
*Where did Burberry come from?* The brand's roots are firmly planted in the English countryside, a context that profoundly shaped its early innovations. Burberry's vision was to create practical, durable, and weather-resistant clothing suitable for the outdoor life. This vision led to his most significant invention: gabardine. Patented in 1888, gabardine was a revolutionary tightly woven, water-resistant yet breathable fabric made from Egyptian cotton. This innovative material was a game-changer for outerwear, replacing heavy, uncomfortable alternatives.burberry class
The creation of gabardine propelled Burberry into the spotlight. The fabric was quickly adopted by explorers, adventurers, and military personnel. In 1893, Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen used Burberry gabardine for his expedition to the South Pole. More significantly, during World War I, Burberry was commissioned to design a coat for British officers. This resulted in the iconic trench coat, a design that combined practicality with military functionality. Features like epaulettes, D-rings for attaching equipment, and a storm flap provided protection and utility on the battlefield. The trench coat, born out of necessity, became a symbol of British resilience and sophistication, forever cementing Burberry's place in fashion history.
Building a Brand: Identity and Expansion
The early 20th century saw Burberry evolve from a functional outfitter to a recognized brand. The introduction of the iconic Burberry check – originally used as a lining for the trench coat – marked a significant step in establishing a distinct visual identity. The check, with its beige background, black, white, and red lines, quickly became synonymous with Burberry and a symbol of British style.
The brand expanded its product line, offering a range of outerwear, ready-to-wear clothing, and accessories. Burberry also opened stores in London and Paris, further establishing its presence in the fashion world. The brand positioned itself as a purveyor of quality, craftsmanship, and timeless elegance, catering to a discerning clientele.
Navigating the Storms: Overexposure and the "Burberry Lad"
Despite its success, Burberry faced challenges in the late 20th and early 21st centuries. The brand's popularity led to overexposure, particularly in the UK. The iconic check was widely counterfeited and became associated with a specific subculture, the "Burberry lad."
This association, often fueled by media portrayals, depicted young men wearing Burberry caps, scarves, and other items in a way that was seen as aggressive and anti-social. The "Burberry lad" phenomenon was a complex issue, rooted in class, identity, and the appropriation of luxury brands by working-class youth. However, the negative connotations associated with this subculture tarnished Burberry's image, particularly in the UK.
The brand responded to this crisis by taking steps to reduce the visibility of the check pattern and focusing on more sophisticated designs. They also implemented stricter measures to combat counterfeiting. The "Burberry lad" era serves as a crucial lesson for luxury brands about the importance of managing brand perception and preventing unwanted associations.
A Strategic Reinvention: The Burberry Business Model and Creative Direction
To answer the question: *What is Burberry brand?* It's more than just a fashion house; it's a carefully curated experience. Burberry's business model is built on a foundation of luxury, heritage, and innovation. The brand operates through a multi-channel distribution strategy, encompassing retail stores, e-commerce, and wholesale partnerships.
A key aspect of Burberry's strategy is its focus on digital innovation. The brand was an early adopter of social media and digital marketing, using platforms like Instagram and Snapchat to engage with its audience and showcase its products. Burberry also pioneered live-streaming fashion shows, allowing consumers to experience the brand's collections in real-time.